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KMID : 0921620200500040235
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Journal of Bacteriology and Virology
2020 Volume.50 No. 4 p.235 ~ p.245
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Effect of Photodynamic Therapy Enhanced by Methylene Blue on Drug-resistant Mycobacterium smegmatis
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Jeong Bo-Hyun
Kim Ji-Yeun Kate
Bae Tae-Ok
Park In-Dal
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Abstract
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Tuberculosis (TB) is an old disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Although it has been known for humans for thousands of years, the treatment of this disease still requires a lengthy therapy with multiple antibiotics. Also, the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains made it more difficult to treat TB, calling for a novel treatment approach. In Photodynamic therapy (PDT), a photosensitizer, such as methylene blue (MB), is irradiated by a laser, generating reactive oxygen species and killing microorganisms. Here, using M. smegmatis as a model mycobacterium, we examined the utility of PDT in TB treatment. The photosensitizer MB alone showed weak antimicrobial activity; however, when irradiated by a laser, it efficiently killed M. smegmatis (> 97% killing with 30 mg/ml MB and 54 J/cm 2 irradiation). Surprisingly, PDT showed more efficient killing activity toward drug-resistant strains of M. smegmatis than the drug-sensitive wild-type strain. In PDT, when the irradiation step alone (Intermittent PDT) or the entire PDT process was repeated (Repeated PDT), the bactericidal activity was significantly enhanced. Since PDT can be applied locally in a short period of time and kills mycobacterium irrespective of its antibiotic resistance status, we conclude that PDT can be a viable option for TB treatment.
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KEYWORD
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Tuberculosis, Mycobacterium smegmatis, Drug resistance, Photodynamic therapy, Methylene blue
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